Tughlaq Dynasty

Tughlaq Dynasty
   The dynasty established by Ghiyas al-Din Tughlaq (1320-1325) in the Delhi sultanate continued until 1412. It originated as a family of Qarauna Turks in the service of Khalji rulers (1290-1320). The nobles' revolt against Khusrau Shah (1320) led to the rise of the Tughlaqs to power. The apex of Tughlaq rule was represented by the reigns of Ghiyas al-Din Tughlaq and his two successors (1320-1388). This period witnessed important devel-opments like Muhammad bin Tughlaq's attempt to establish greater control on regions and the resulting local revolts, the rise of the Vi-jayanagar and Bahmanis, and an extension of agriculture and the accompanying promotion of irrigation facilities. While Ghiyas al-Din rose to power as a defender of Islam, Muhammad bin Tughlaq pro-moted Hindus in his service and also extended state patronage to non-Muslim religious institutions. Firuz Shah Tughlaq, on the other hand, tried to impose jiziya on the Hindus. Timur's invasion (1398) resulted in the fragmentation of the Tughlaq Empire, leading to its end in 1412.

Historical dictionary of Medieval India. . 2011.

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